Peptide Research Index
⚠️ Educational only · Not medical advice · Consult a doctor · Most peptides are research-only / not FDA-approved for human use
⚠️ Educational only · Not medical advice · Consult a doctor · Most peptides are research-only / not FDA-approved for human use
Also: Elamipretide, Bendavia, MTP-131
Mitochondrial PeptideLast Updated: April 1, 2026
SS-31 (also known as Elamipretide, Bendavia, MTP-131) is a prominently researched experimental compound classified strictly within the Mitochondrial Peptide framework. Operating primarily through advanced pharmacological pathways, it functions by mitochondrial protection. Selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it stabilizes cardiolipin for efficient electron transport chain function. with a documented biological half-life of roughly 4 hours, in preclinical investigative trials and independent academic studies, researchers utilizing SS-31 have documented significant, quantifiable biological outcomes, primarily focusing on energy, recovery, neuroprotection. Typical research protocols investigate administering 4000 to 4000mcg via subq pathways 7x/wk. However, it is critically important to understand that while SS-31 demonstrates profound physiological potential in highly controlled laboratory settings, it remains classified strictly as a research chemical and has not been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human therapeutic, diagnostic, or dietary consumption. Independent chemical analysis via rigorous third-party Certificate of Analysis (COA) testing utilizing High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) and Mass Spectrometry (MS) remains the industry gold standard for verifying its base elemental stability when reconstituted appropriately in sterile bacteriostatic water.
Mitochondrial protection. Selectively concentrates in the inner mitochondrial membrane where it stabilizes cardiolipin for efficient electron transport chain function.
Szeto (Br. J. Pharmacol.): Comprehensive review of elamipretide mechanism and clinical trial results in heart failure, mitochondrial myopathy, and ischemia-reperfusion injury.
moderateBirk et al. (Pharmaceuticals): Detailed mechanism review showing elamipretide binds cardiolipin, stabilizes mitochondrial cristae, reduces ROS, and improves oxidative phosphorylation.
preclinicalStudy demonstrating elamipretide can reverse age-associated post-translational heart protein modifications, restoring mitochondrial function in aged cardiac tissue.
preclinicalSS-31 improves LPS-induced mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and memory impairment in mice via BDNF signaling regulation.
preclinicalTreatment improves ADP sensitivity in aged mitochondria by increasing ANT uptake, rescuing skeletal muscle force and cardiac systolic function.
preclinicalWell-tolerated in multiple Phase 2/3 trials. Granted Fast Track and Orphan Drug designations by FDA.
⚠️ For educational purposes only. Not medical advice. Consult a healthcare professional before using any peptide.
Clinical trial doses: 4-40mg SubQ daily. Higher doses for cardiac indications.
Last updated: 2026-01 · Laws change frequently. Verify current status in your jurisdiction.
Week 1
Improved mitochondrial efficiency; reduced exercise-induced oxidative stress
Weeks 2-4
Improved exercise capacity and recovery; reduced fatigue
Month 2-3
Cardioprotective adaptations; improved VO2 markers in clinical trials
Long-term
Sustained mitochondrial protection; FDA Fast Track designation for cardiac indications
| Side Effect | Incidence | Severity |
|---|---|---|
Well-tolerated in Phase 2/3 trials | No serious adverse events reported | mild |
Injection site reaction | ~5% of users | mild |
Incidence rates sourced from published clinical trial data where available; otherwise based on community research observations.
Finding verified, high-purity SS-31 requires rigorous COA verification. We independently evaluate vendors based on third-party HPLC testing, purity thresholds (≥98%), and batch-specific documentation.
View COA-Verified SS-31✓ Third-party tested·✓ US shipping·✓ COA on every batch
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PeptiDex. (2026). SS-31. PeptiDex Research Platform. https://peptidex.app/library/ss-31
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